A larger diameter at takeoff and approach can reduce jet velocity reducing noise. Journal of nuclear engineering and radiation science. It may also be called memory metal, memory alloy, smart metal, smart alloy, or muscle wire. The products offer a number of features and benefits that distinguish them from other types of actuators and pumps. We propose using a shape memory alloy sma actuator to meet this need. Design and development of cubesat solar array deployment. The general design pro cedure for nitinolbased actuators is summarised. Current literature describes the use of multiple muscle wires placed in parallel to increase the lifting capabilities of an sma actuator, which however, is limited to wires of likediameter. Scalable rotary actuators are being developed with the help of shape memory alloy sma wires. Static characteristic shows the hysteresis of this material. On the design of a shape memory alloy spring actuator using thermal analysis. This paper presents the novel design of a sma actuator to be used as a replacement joint actuator for a commercial robotic arm. Mechanical engineering the design and development of a linear actuator for macro devices using shape memory alloy sma are desired. The use of shape memory alloys on the designed dust wiper presents several advantages because of its light.
The use of shape memory nitinol alloys for actuation represents a technological opportunity for development of innovative thermostatic and electromechanical actuators. Scalable rotary actuators with embedded shape memory alloys. In 1958, researchers chang and read demonstrated the shape memory effect at the brussels worlds fair. Sma is a material that in general can exist in two states. This alloy was named nitinol nickeltitanium naval ordnance laboratory 4.
Subjected to elevated temperatures sma wires deliver large strains and high stresses. Actuation and control with shape memory alloys stoeckel. When heat is applied sma transitions to the austenite state recovering its original shape. Also part of the springerbriefs in computational mechanics book sub series briefscomputat. Issues in the design of shape memory alloy actuators. The shape memory effect is often exploited when smas are used as actuators 6 15. On the selection of shape memory alloys for actuators.
Magnetic shape memory alloys msma are a promising material for actuation purposes as they provide relatively large strains and relatively high operation frequencies. Jan borchers computer science department rwth aachen university thesis advisor. The solidsolid, diffusionless phase transformations in thermally responsive sma allows them to demonstrate unique characteristics like superelasticity and shape memory effects. Shape memory alloys smas seminar ppt and pdf report. In the present work, we have proposed a new design strategy using a shape memory alloy sma spring as an actuator that provides a failsafe function to prevent the blocking of the main optical. Shape memory alloy sma actuators have drawn much attention and interest in. Shape memory alloys sma are a new class of smart materials which possess. Shape memory alloys and actuation applications the university of.
Design of a humanoid hand using segmented shape memory. Casmart collaborative best practices and case studies article pdf available in international journal of mechanics and materials in design 101 march 2014. Pdf variable area jet nozzle for noise reduction using. There are only two commercially available groups of shape memory alloys for actuator. Using three electrical connections the two ends of the wire and a contact in the middle of the wire, the two halves of the wire were differentially heated, which caused repeatable, continuous and directional.
Introduction when a micromachine works in narrow spaces inside tubules and equipment, micro actuators with large stroke and output power are required. The main key feature of all smas is the occurrence of a martensitic part transformation. New coverage of dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuators, polymeric microgripper based on the cascaded vshaped electrothermal actuators, ionic polymer actuators, wideband actuators and energy harvesters, electromagnetic actuators and shape memory alloy actuators are comprehended. Development of advanced actuators using shape memory alloys. Shape memory alloys smas seminar and ppt with pdf report. Shape memory alloys smas are well suited for use as linear actuators. Shape memory actuators for automotive applications stoeckel nitinol.
Issues in the design of shape memory alloy actuators stephane. A shape memory alloy is an alloy that can be deformed when cold but returns to its predeformed remembered shape when heated. Yet their bandwidth is limited because of the time required for cooling. Adjusting the diameter in cruise, to account for varying mach number, altitude, etc, can optimize fan loading and reduce fuel consumption. Employing shape memory alloys as efficient rapid robotic. Bizdoaca, gheorghe manolea, ilie diaconu, anca petrisor, vasile degeratu faculty of electromechanical engineering university of craiova decebal bd. Pci6284, ni is employed to send the pwm signal via the digital output and measure the voltage vr and vsma via the analog input. Design of twoway reversible bending actuator based on a shape memory alloy shape memory polymer composite to cite this article. An accurately controlled antagonistic shape memory alloy. These actuators are designed for use on innovative soft body robots.
Design of a novel flexible shape memory alloy actuator. Shape memory alloys smas are metallic alloys which can recuperate permanent strains when they are heated above a fix temperature. Design of shape memory alloy coil spring actuator for. In the martensite state this material can be readily deformed. Design and development of cubesat solar array deployment mechanisms. This book provides a systematic approach to realizing niti shape memory alloy actuation, and is aimed at science and engineering students who would like to develop a better understanding of the behaviors of smas, and learn to design, simulate, control, and fabricate these actuators in a systematic approach. Principle design of actuators driven by magnetic shape. The large coil diameter improves the cooling performance for highfrequency actuation. Design optimisation of shape memory alloy linear actuator. Shape memory alloys smas, especially nickeltitanium or nitinol, have become increasingly popular in many applications of robotics and medical devices. Shape memory alloy actuator and pump kinitics automation. The high energy density allows the actuator to make powerful motions. Meanwhile, sma wire contracts 6% of its length, which means that the required displacement cannot be achieved by a simple connection.
In the second case, it is an electrical actuator ihat perfonns a. Composable flexible small actuators built from thin shape. Variable geometry jet nozzle using shape memory alloy actuators. On the design of a shape memory alloy spring actuator. Applications of shape memory alloy material in robotics the most successful applications of shape memory alloy components usually have all or most of the following characteristics. Eli livne, professor aeronautics and astronautics a capability was developed to perform massminimization of a truss with sma actuation to determine optimal element diameters and actuator applied temperature changes. Development of advanced actuators using shape memory. Available from trade names and trademarks are used in this report for identi. Design of shape memory alloy sma actuators springerlink.
A darlington driver is used as a switching element to control the heating or cooling state of the sma actuator. Design optimization of structures with shape memory alloy. Sma coil spring actuators are well suited to this purpose because of their large displacement. This short monograph presents an analysis and design methodology for shape memory alloy sma components such as wires, beams, and springs for different applications. Design of torque actuators based on ferromagnetic shape.
By deforming the shape of the structure that provides aerodynamic stability to the car, we expect to improve the overall performance of the vehicle by adapting its aerodynamics according to the vehicle speed. Since shape memory alloys differ from conventional alloy materials in many ways, the traditional design approach for springs is not completely suitable for designing sma springs. Variable geometry jet nozzle using shape memory alloy. The lip design has a large pitch angle and shear strain that can use the detwinning region of the smas. Lasermachined shape memory alloy sensors for position. Shape memory alloy and elastomer composite mems actuators. Journal of nondestructive evaluation, diagnostics and prognostics of engineering systems. The broad aim of this dissertation is also to pro vide a users guide to the design of smabased actuators.
Shape memory alloy actuator embedded smart clothes for ankle assistance changhwan kim1, gibaek kim1, youngbin lee2, giuk lee3, seungyong han1, daeshik kang1, sumin helen koo2,4 and jesung koh1,4 1department of mechanical engineering, ajou university, suwon, republic of korea 2department of apparel design, konkuk university, seoul, republic of korea 3department of mechanical. Shape memory alloy actuatorembedded smart clothes for. Many alloys displaying shape memory have been found and considerable effort is still being made to discover new materials. Among them, shape memory alloys smas show great potential in many applications, in particular, as novel actuators. Doing research and development to improve alloy properties for wider spread use and applicability in realworld applications. Animating paper using shape memory alloys jie qi 75 amherst st. Casmart collaborative best practices and case studies. The advantages of shape memory alloy sma artificial muscle are lightness and high energy density. Comparison between large index and pitch angle lip design and nonlip design of shape memory alloy sma coil spring actuators. A significant reduction in noise and improved fuel consumption can be achieved by varying the area of a commercial jet engines fan nozzle. Shape memory alloys sma are an amalgamation of metals that can remember their shape. An electric circuit was constructed as shown in figure 2. A preliminary study of a torsional actuator has b een made.
In the hot bath, it contracts due to the shape memory. Design of membrane actuator based on ferromagnetic shape. Journal of nanotechnology in engineering and medicine. Shape transition is modeled by providing the actuation force as an input to a onedimensional thermomechanical constitutive model of a shape memory alloy wire. A design procedure, based on the analytical model, is. Thus, it would appear that smadeployed structures can combine practically. Design and analysis of artificial muscle robotic elbow. Design of a humanoid hand using segmented shape memory alloy actuators by josiah benjamin rosmarin submitted to the department of mechanical engineering on may 12, 2006 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of bachelor of science in mechanical engineering abstract. Some vibration control concepts utilizing unique characteristics of. Kinitics kla linear actuators can deliver a precision stroke distance at a higher force than actuators of similar.
They have applications in biomedicine, robotics and the automotive and aerospace industry as lightweight, solidstate alternatives to conventional actuators. Introduction ferromagnetic shape memory alloys fsma have attracted a strong attention among material science and actuator research community, as the speed of actuator based on fsma is considered very fast, yet some of fsma provide large stress. In this paper three concepts of such actuators are introduced. Using three electrical connections the two ends of the wire and a contact in the middle of the wire, the two halves of the wire were differentially heated, which caused repeatable, continuous and directional angular dflections of. Design of twoway reversible bending actuator based on a. Related content constitutive modeling of sma smp multifunctional high performance smart adaptiveshape memory. This thesis considers the application of shape memory alloy sma actuators for shape control of the undertray of a sports car. The testing device has been developed for experimental verification of shape memory alloy actuator testing. Onskin shape memory alloy actuators thesis submitted to the media computing group prof. Patterned shape memory alloy nitinol is sputter deposited on a polyimide mesh structure.
Shape memory nitinol alloy springs or nitinol trained wires characteristic to ensure mechanical actions with temperature changes or heated with electrical current, allows the development of simple, more compact and reliable. The book promotes new research results in the field of modern actuators and their applications. Design optimization of structures with shape memory alloy member actuators michele pachikara chair of the supervisory committee. Concept and design of membrane actuator system the membrane actuator mainly consists of a ferromagnetic shape memory alloy fsma composite and an electromagnet system as shown in fig. Smart wing shape memory alloy actuator design and performance. Shape memory alloys and their application to actuators for. Kinitics shape memory alloy actuators and piston pumps use shape memory alloys and kinitics proprietary bundled wire technology, and can fit in a variety of applications. Tzes, experimental study of a shape memory alloy actuation system for a novel prosthetic hand, book edited.
Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only. The implementation of shape memory alloys for large. Shape memory alloy sma springs have been used as actuators in many applications although their use in the vibration control area is very recent. Carpenter smart wing shape memory alloy actuator design and performance, proc. Experimental studies on dynamic vibration absorber using. The use of shape memory alloys sma in actuators offers the opportunity to develop robust, simple and lightweight elements that can represent an alternative to electromagnetic actuators commonly. The helical tini spring is under tension so it is stretched. The unique shape memory behavior in some smart materials attracts a lot of attention from various communities. Optimal design of shape memory alloy wire bundle actuators. The mesh substrate acts as a bias spring to detwin the shape memory alloy in the martensite phase. The first motor is a shape memory alloy sma bundle actuator, and the second.
This paper deals w ith actuators based on shape memory alloys. Keywords, ferromagnetic shape memory alloy, composite, torque actuators, superelastic behavior 1. Tad calkins boeing commercial airplanes, aeroacoustics james h. The high potential of shape memory alloys in developing miniature mechanical devices. Also dynamic properties have been explored through the step response characteristic. In particular, niti wires as linear sma actuators offer the advantages of light weight, a simple actuation mechanism and high forcetoweight ratio. It takes the form of a ring of sma, the transition temperatures of which are set very low. They are primarily used in two modes of operation as actuators and as passive, compliant elements.
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